Planting under trees

Trees are beautiful things. The space underneath them, however, can give gardeners a run for their money. Sprawling roots can deprive neighouring plants of water and nutrients, making the soil dry, even barren. And a canopy can cast deep shade, making it hard for plants underneath to photosynthesise and grow.

So, what can you do with this classic ‘problem spot’? First, here’s what not to do. Don’t be tempted to dump a thick layer of fresh soil over the root zone. Dramatic soil level changes can harm tree health, and realistically, the roots will quickly grow into it, anyway. You could pave or mulch the whole area instead, or you could install a few big pots with shade-loving plants. They are certainly quick fixes, but where’s the fun in that? How about turning to plants that have adapted naturally to growing in these difficult conditions.

What should I plant under a tree?

There are a couple of standout plant groups that will give you reliable results. Epiphytes are one. These plants are found in the wild, growing on rockfaces, or on tree boughs and branches. They typically have small root systems, and have evolved unique mechanisms to obtain the moisture and nutrients they need.

Succulents are another reliable group. They store excess moisture in their leaves and stems, and can withstand extended dry periods. Likewise for other plants that contain water-storing tissue, such as bulbs, or fleshy, swollen roots, such as clivias.

Lomandra and other clumping plants with fibrous root systems can tough it out under big trees, too. Some of the tougher perennials, such as salvias and plectranthus, will do well, as long as they’re well mulched and given a good drink when it’s really dry. Keep in mind, most of these toughies still appreciate extra watering in the beginning to help with establishment.

Discover our Top 10 ‘toughies to grow under trees and create lush layers of greenery in your garden.